There are more than 9,200 ASCs in the U.S., according to Definitive Healthcare, a company that tracks and reports data on the healthcare industry.
These five states have the most ASCs:
1. California: 1,213
2. Florida: 722
3. Texas: 710
4. Georgia: 514
5. Maryland: 434
MedPAC's 2019 commission report to Congress outlined data on ASC characteristics, including where the centers are located and whether they're for-profit or nonprofit.
The geographic distribution of ASCs is uneven, according to MedPAC data from 2017. The state that had the most ASCs per Medicare beneficiary was Maryland, with 40 ASCs per 100,000 Part B beneficiaries. Wyoming, Alaska and Georgia followed at about 20 ASCs per 100,000 Part B beneficiaries. Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Alabama and Vermont all had the fewest ASCs per beneficiary at 4 per 100,000 beneficiaries.
According to the 2017 data, Vermont had only one ASC.
2018 MedPAC provider services file data from CMS shows that most ASCs are for-profit and urban:
For profit
6. Open in 2012: 93.6 percent
7. Open in 2017: 93.8 percent
8. New in 2017: 92.6 percent
Nonprofit
9. Open in 2012: 3.8 percent
10. Open in 2017: 3.5 percent
11. New in 2017: 5.8 percent
Government
12. Open in 2012: 2.7 percent
13. Open in 2017: 2.7 percent
14. New in 2017: 1.6 percent
Urban
15. Open in 2012: 92.5 percent
16. Open in 2017: 92.9 percent
17. New in 2017: 94.2 percent
Rural
18. Open in 2012: 7.4 percent
19. Open in 2017: 7.1 percent
20. New in 2017: 5.8 percent
Note: Some totals don't add up to 100 percent due to rounding.
The number of ASCs has changed over time, according to MedPAC, and here's how:
2012
21. New: 176
22. Closed or merged: 114
23. Total: 5,216
2016
24. New: 159
25. Closed or merged: 90
26. Total: 5,474
2017
27. New: 189
28. Closed or merged: 60
29. Total: 5,603
Average percentage change
30. 2012-2016: 1 percent
31. 2016-2017: 2.4 percent